Abbott - Abbott Pharmaceuticals PR Ltd. with respect to Trilipix and/or Certriad and Abbott Laboratories, Inc. with respect to Crestor.
Affordable Care Act - the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which was signed into law on 23 March 2010 as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act which was signed into law on 30 March 2010.
ADR - an American Depositary Receipt evidencing title to an ADS.
ADS - an American Depositary Share representing one underlying Ordinary Share.
AGM - an Annual General Meeting of the Company.
ANDA - an abbreviated new drug application, which is a marketing approval application for a generic drug submitted to the FDA.
Annual Report - this Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2010.
Articles - the Articles of Association of the Company.
Astellas - Astellas Pharma, Inc.
Astra - Astra AB, being the company with whom the Company merged in 1999.
AstraZeneca - the Company and its subsidiaries.
Bureau Veritas - Bureau Veritas UK Limited.
BMS - Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.
Board - the Board of Directors of the Company.
BRIC-MT - Brazil, Russia, India, China, Mexico and Turkey.
CEO - the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.
CER - constant exchange rates.
CFO - the Chief Financial Officer of the Company.
CHMP - the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use,being a committee of the EMA.
CIS - Commonwealth of Independent States.
Code of Conduct - the Group's Code of Conduct.
Combined Code - the UK Combined Code on Corporate Governance published by the Financial Reporting Council in June 2008 that sets out standards of good practice in corporate governance for the UK.
Company or Parent Company - AstraZeneca PLC (formerly Zeneca Group PLC (Zeneca)).
Complete Response Letter - a letter issued by the FDA communicating its decision to a drug company that its NDA or biological licensing application is not approvable as submitted. The submitting drug company is required to respond to the Complete Response Letter if it wishes to pursue an approval for its submission.
Corporate Integrity Agreement - the agreement described in the US Corporate Integrity Agreement reporting section on page 43.
cost of growth rates - percentage growth of a particular cost category over the comparable cost category for the previous year.
Daiichi Sankyo - Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited.
Dainippon Sumitomo- Dainippon Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
Director - a director of the Company.
earnings per share (EPS) - profit for the year after tax and minority interests, divided by the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue during the year.
EMA- the European Medicines Agency.
EU - the European Union.
FDA - the US Food and Drug Administration, which is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services Agency, which is the regulatory authority for all pharmaceuticals (including biologics and vaccines) and medical devices in the US.
Forest - Forest Laboratories Holdings Limited.
GAAP - Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
GDP - gross domestic product.
GIA - AstraZeneca's group internal audit.
Gross margin - the margin, as a percentage, by which sales exceed the cost of sales, calculated by dividing the difference between the two by the sales figure.
Group - AstraZeneca PLC and its subsidiaries.
IAS - the International Accounting Standards.
IASB - the International Accounting Standards Board.
IFRS - the International Financial Reporting Standards or an International Financial Reporting Standard, as the context requires.
KPI - key performance indicator.
krona or SEK - references to the currency of Sweden.
MAA - a marketing authorisation application, which is an application for authorisation to place medical products on the market. This is a specific term used in the EU and European Economic Area markets.
MAb - monoclonal antibody, a biologic that is specific; that is, it binds to and attacks one particular antigen.
MedImmune - MedImmune, LLC (formerly MedImmune, Inc.).
Merck - Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (formerly Merck & Co., Inc.).
moving annual total (MAT) - a figure that represents the financial value of a variable for 12 months.
NDA - a new drug application to the FDA for approval to market a new medicine in the US.
Nektar - Nektar Therapeutics.
NGOs - non-governmental organisations.
Novexel - Novexel S.A.
NSAID - a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
NYSE - the New York Stock Exchange.
Operating Profit - sales, less cost of sales, less operating costs, plus operating income.
Ordinary Share - an ordinary share of $0.25 each in the share capital of the Company.
Orphan Drug - a drug which has been approved for use in a relatively low-incidence indication (an orphan indication) and has been rewarded with a period of market exclusivity; the period of exclusivity and the available orphan indications vary between markets.
OTC - over-the-counter.
Paediatric Exclusivity - in the US, a six-month period of exclusivity to market a drug which is awarded by the FDA in return for certain paediatric clinical studies using that drug. This six-month period runs from the date of relevant patent expiry. Analogous provisions are available in certain other territories (eg Europea SPC paediatric extensions).
Patent Term Extension - an extension of up to five years in the term of a US patent relating to a drug which compensates for delays in marketing resulting from the need to obtain FDA approval.
Phase I - the phase of clinical research where a new drug or treatment is tested in small groups of people (20 to 80) to check that the drug can achieve appropriate concentrations in the body, determine a safe dosage range and identify side effects. This phase includes healthy volunteer studies.
Phase II the phase of clinical research which includes the controlled clinical activities conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug in patients with the disease under study and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. Phase II studies are typically conducted in a relatively small number of patients (usually no more than several hundred).
Phase III - the phase of clinical research which is performed to gather additional information about effectiveness and safety of the drug, often in a comparative setting, to evaluate the overall benefit/risk profile of the drug. Phase III studies usually include between several hundred and several thousand patients.
pounds sterling, £, GBP, pence or p - references to the currency of the UK.
R&D - research and development.
Redeemable Preference Share - a redeemable preference share of 1 each in the share capital of the Company.
Regulatory Data Protection - see the Intellectual Property section from page 30.
Regulatory Exclusivity - any of the intellectual property rights arising from generation of clinical data and includes Regulatory Data Protection (as explained in the Intellectual Property section from page 30), Paediatric Exclusivity and Orphan Drug status.
Rigel - Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act - the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
SEC - the US Securities and Exchange Commission, the governmental agency that regulates the US securities industry/ stock market.
Seroquel - Seroquel IR and Seroquel XR unless otherwise stated.
SET - the Senior Executive Team.
SG&A costs - selling, general and administrative costs.
sNDA - a supplemental new drug application, which is an application made to the FDA to seek approval to market an additional indication for a drug already on the market.
Targacept - Targacept, Inc.
Teva - Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
Torrent - Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
TSR - total shareholder return, being the total return on a share over a period of time, including dividends reinvested.
UK - the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
UK Corporate Governance Code - the new UK Corporate Governance Code published by the Financial Reporting Council in May 2010 that sets out standards of good practice in corporate governance for the UK.
US - the United States of America.
US dollar, US$, USD or $ - references to the currency of the US.
WHO - the World Health Organization, the United Nations specialised agency for health.